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If you are a noob at redstone, redstone clocks are something you need to learn.
The most common ones known are the list below

1 TICK CLOCK (1/20 SECOND)
One of the fastest clocks in game (not the fastEST) this is an extremely well known clock.
Its built like this.
1. Place a repeater.
2. Place a repeater to the left OR right facing the opposite direction (e.g. If the repeater you placed first is facing north, the second repeater would face south and would be to the left or right)
3. Place redstone on the top and bottom of the repeaters
4. Place a redstone torch next adjacent to the redstone.
5. Break the redstone torch.
6. Break the redstone dust then VERY QUICKLY place it back.

Result:


1-tick clock, a pretty fast redstone clock. Every redstone tick is 1/20th of a second.
Pros:
Fast
Stable
Cons:
Not recommended for certain commands in command blocks.



0.5 TICK CLOCK
This clock goes even FASTER.
Instructions may be unclear. If you cannot decipher the instructions copy the picture but make sure you do step 8.
1. Place a repeater.
2. Place a repeater to the left OR right facing the opposite direction (e.g. If the repeater you placed first is facing north, the second repeater would face south and would be to the left or right)
3. Place another repeater depending on where you place the second and must face opposite (if you place the second repeater to the left of the first repeater and the second repeater is facing south, the third would be to the left and face north)
4. Place redstone on top and bottom of all repeaters.
5. Place a repeater on the top adjacent to the leftmost/rightmost redstone facing east if right, west if left.
6. Place a repeater on the bottom adjacent to the leftmost/rightmost redstone facing east if right, west if left.
7. Connect repeaters to redstone.
8. Break the redstone where the 3 repeaters are and VERY QUICKLY replace the redstone.


Outcome:

Pros:
Very fast
Stable
Cons:
????


VERY SLOW CLOCK
This clock take ~10 seconds to make a full revolution (correct me if I'm wrong)
I ain't specific with the instructions, just copy it
http://i.imgur.com/hWfQOw8.png
Pros:
Slow, especially timed clock
Cons:
Huge


1 SECOND CLOCK
This clock is about 1 second long. If your using timers, you can use this clock.
ATTENTION: SET THE COMPARATOR TO SUBTRACTION MODE!
http://i.imgur.com/kQKp0BL.png
Pros:
Nearly a second long
Cons:
Requires to go to the nether

SHORTER 1-TICK CLOCK
If you don't have too many resources, you can use this clock, it measures the same time.
This clock is RECOMMENDED for /testfor commands.
ATTENTION: SET THE COMPARATOR TO SUBTRACTION MODE!
http://i.imgur.com/GvTfMes.png
Pros:
No Repeaters
Very fast
Cons:
????

4 WAY CLOCK
You can hook up 4 redstone materials to this clock. Command blocks would be useful. Yes break the redstone and replace it in this one
http://i.imgur.com/KR8sfBj.png
Pros:
Can be used for 4 redstone devices
Cons:
A little big

NO REPEATERS
Hard to explain, but this clock measures at 1 seconds every time the piston extends.
Pros:
No Repeaters
Cons:
Large and takes up too much space

NO REPEATERS
Another 1 second clock but taking up less space.
http://i.imgur.com/TwJ5wUo.png
Pros:
No Repeaters
More compact
Cons:
Too many resources

NO REPEATERS
A very stable 1 second clock with no repeaters.
http://i.imgur.com/cj2cVHN.jpg
Pros:
No Repeaters
Very Stable
Cons:
Large and takes up too much space

NO REPEATERS
This clock is very unstable and burns out, but its pretty fast.
http://i.imgur.com/6aiV3PX.png
Pros:
No Repeaters
Very Small
Cons:
Extremely unstable

EXTREMELY SMALL REDSTONE CLOCK
1 piston, 1 redstone dust, 1 <any block>, 1 redstone block.
http://i.imgur.com/AtPCmaj.png
Pros:
Fast
Very small
Cons:
Takes up resources

0.5 SECOND SMALL CLOCK
1 redstone torch, 3 redstone, 1 repeater.
http://i.imgur.com/Xa6zw9c.png
Pros:
Compact
Can be toggled
Cons:
Repeater cannot be 1 delay.

A world tick or game tick is 1/20 of a second, but a redstone tick is 2 game ticks, or 1/10 second (wiki: Tick).

That first clock is a 1-clock, meaning it is on for 1 redstone tick (0.1 seconds) and off for 1 redstone tick. That means it has a clock period (turns on to turns on) of 0.2 seconds (1/5 second).

A more reliable way to start such a clock (instead of breaking dust, etc.) is simply to place a redstone torch on a powered block -- the torch will stay on for 1 redstone tick before turning off, putting a 1-tick pulse into the clock.

However, clocks like this that consist only a of a loop of repeaters are not good clocks -- they can't be turned on and off by levers or redstone signals, they use twice as many repeaters as a simple torch-repeater clock would (like the last one you posted), and they are only metastable (they can bug out into a state where they stop repeating).

For 1- and 2-clocks, you should use a subtraction clock (like the comparator clocks you listed) or a rapid pulsar (torches short-circuiting themselves).

For 3-clocks up to clock periods of a few seconds, you should use a torch-repeater clock.

For clocks with periods longer than 5 seconds, you should start considering hopper clocks.

Quote from munin295

That first clock is a 1-clock, meaning it is on for 1 redstone tick (0.1 seconds) and off for 1 redstone tick. That means it has a clock period (turns on to turns on) of 0.2 seconds (1/5 second).

...I thought that made it a 2-clock? If I'm not mistaken, the old-school (before repeaters) original "five-clock" used five torches, each with a 1-tick (redstone tick) delay, for a period of 5 ticks. So if this one has a period of 2 ticks, wouldn't it be a 2-clock?

Personally, I only use the first one. I've never seen the second one though. My friends build large clocks, and I'm glad to see other people use small clocks like me. I'm really horrible at redstone, but I can make simple redstone structures.

Quote from IronMagus

… the old-school (before repeaters) original "five-clock" used five torches, each with a 1-tick (redstone tick) delay, for a period of 5 ticks. …

Five torches means it's going to take 5 redstone ticks for each torch to change state. So each torch is on for 5 ticks and then off for 5 ticks, which makes the 5-clock have a 10-tick clock period.

Much of our redstone naming conventions comes from electronics, and the common square wave clock generators (electronic circuits which generate clock signals) which are the closest match for redstone clocks are often described by their duty cycle -- the time they are active. Without additional qualifiers, a 50% duty cycle is assumed. So, effectively, regular redstone clocks (same time on as off) are described by the pulse they produce, not their clock period.

When a redstone clock doesn't generate a regular on/off signal, such as a clock which generates a short pulse once per minute, then it does become more useful to describe the clock by its period (e.g., a 1-minute pulser). Technically, those two naming conventions are incompatible and confusing, but generally "N-clock" means a regular clock which produces an N-tick pulse then is off for N ticks, and "N-time clock/timer/pulser" means a clock period of N-time (with the actual pulse length rarely mentioned).

Quote from munin295

...which makes the 5-clock have a 10-tick clock period.

[...]

So it does. Okay, I think I get it. Thanks for the explanation

you forgot the easy to make and Silent hopper clocks like this one it takes 4 Hoppers 4 Comparators 14 blocks and 2 redstone torches 1 non stackable item and anywhere from 1 to 320 items

it as 3 actual uses the renstone Torch is a Toggle that last the full Duration of the clock
the comparators pushing into the blocks above the hoppers can be used as Strength gauges (as they have the 1-320 items in them)
and the hoppers under the blocks can be used at one pulse clocks

in total you get 5 outputs on either side of this device for a total of 10 cant get better then that

Edit the 10 total outputs is 4 from the Hoppers 4 from the blocks the Comparators push into and 2 from the torches

Quote from Halopandas

Personally, I only use the first one. I've never seen the second one though. My friends build large clocks, and I'm glad to see other people use small clocks like me. I'm really horrible at redstone, but I can make simple redstone structures.

The second clock is faster then the first.

Quote from yamatohekatsue

you forgot the easy to make and Silent hopper clocks like this one it takes 4 Hoppers 4 Comparators 14 blocks and 2 redstone torches 1 non stackable item and anywhere from 1 to 320 items

it as 3 actual uses the renstone Torch is a Toggle that last the full Duration of the clock
the comparators pushing into the blocks above the hoppers can be used as Strength gauges (as they have the 1-320 items in them)
and the hoppers under the blocks can be used at one pulse clocks

in total you get 5 outputs on either side of this device for a total of 10 cant get better then that

Edit the 10 total outputs is 4 from the Hoppers 4 from the blocks the Comparators push into and 2 from the torches

Cool

Quote from aeaeiouuy

Hey, i have a clock for you.
Pros: It can be modified to change the ticks it takes to go.
When it is broken for some reason, it will work again after the reason is gone.
Cons: It can be broken for many reasons.
Pics:
Resources needed:

Clock:

Quote from aeaeiouuy

Hey, i have a clock for you.
Pros: It can be modified to change the ticks it takes to go.
When it is broken for some reason, it will work again after the reason is gone.
Cons: It can be broken for many reasons.
Pics:
Resources needed:

Clock:

Thats a compact clock, but iron blocks would consume some resources. Just use stone, cobblestone, etc for a replacement. But i think iron blocks are pretty

Quote from Paide

The second clock is faster then the first.


Cool



Thats a compact clock, but iron blocks would consume some resources. Just use stone, cobblestone, etc for a replacement. But i think iron blocks are pretty

Thanks it took forever to come up with an idea that covered it all and a friend Rockster showed me that comparators could scene through blocks

Quote from yamatohekatsue

Thanks it took forever to come up with an idea that covered it all and a friend Rockster showed me that comparators could scene through blocks

np