In earlier versions it was much easier to do, but if you're good enough, it can still be done with much of the same effect. The difference now is that if you are on an elytra, depending on how fast you're moving, you actually have to charge your arrow shots more. Before you could just spam it at no charge and the arrows would always hit you, but since they changed that you have to fire an arrow to hit you where you will be a second later. So if you are moving slow, you can still do a no charge shot and it will hit you, but if you are moving fast, charging the bow halfway is the only way to get the arrows to hit you. It is much harder to do than before, but theoretically, if you were good enough at knowing what angle to fire and how much to charge your bow, it can still be done. I'm not that good at it, but the success I've had with it still makes it clear that it is possible with enough practice.
Edit: The faster your moving the higher you will have to aim your bow and compensate for the arrow hitting where you will be. Around 0 degrees is good if your moving slow.
In earlier versions it was much easier to do, but if you're good enough, it can still be done with much of the same effect. The difference now is that if you are on an elytra, depending on how fast you're moving, you actually have to charge your arrow shots more. Before you could just spam it at no charge and the arrows would always hit you, but since they changed that you have to fire an arrow to hit you where you will be a second later. So if you are moving slow, you can still do a no charge shot and it will hit you, but if you are moving fast, charging the bow halfway is the only way to get the arrows to hit you. It is much harder to do than before, but theoretically, if you were good enough at knowing what angle to fire and how much to charge your bow, it can still be done. I'm not that good at it, but the success I've had with it still makes it clear that it is possible with enough practice.
Edit: The faster your moving the higher you will have to aim your bow and compensate for the arrow hitting where you will be. Around 0 degrees is good if your moving slow.
Interesting to know (and could come in handy in an emergency).
The generally easy access to rockets (which also do not damage the flying player) will, however, probably limit its use to special circumstances....